@inproceedings{Bourguignon2025ComparativeSafety,

title = {Comparative Safety Analysis of FHA, STPA, and FRAM: Insights from the TAM Flight 3054 Accident},

author = {Vitor Henrique Oliveira Bourguignon and Guilherme Concei\c{c}\~{a}o Rocha},

url = {https://www.sige.ita.br/edicoes-anteriores/2025/TRABALHOS/Artigos-com-ISSN/Comparative Safety Analysis of FHA, STPA, and FRAM Insights from the TAM Flight 3054 Accident.pdf},

issn = {1983-7402},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

booktitle = {Anais do Simp\'{o}sio de Aplica\c{c}\~{o}es Operacionais em \'{A}reas de Defesa (SIGE)},

pages = {028\textendash033},

address = {S\~{a}o Jos\'{e} dos Campos, Brasil},

organization = {Instituto Tecnol\'{o}gico de Aeron\'{a}utica},

abstract = {This paper evaluates three hazard analysis methods in the context of aircraft system safety: Functional Hazard Assessment (FHA), Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA), and the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM). The study applies these methods to the TAM Flight 3054 accident case, highlighting the capabilities and limitations of each approach. The analysis shows that while FHA meets regulatory requirements by identifying functional failure conditions, STPA expands the analysis by addressing human interactions and control logic issues. FRAM complements both by revealing how normal performance variability and organizational factors can combine to produce accidents. The findings indicate that no single method alone is sufficient to ensure safety in complex systems. A combined approach integrating these methodologies is recommended to provide a more robust and comprehensive safety assessment in aeronautical system design.},

keywords = {Aviation safety, FHA, FRAM, hazard analysis, STPA},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}